| Colorectal cancer - cancer of the colon or rectum Ч is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States for both men and women combined. The disease surpasses both breast and prostate cancer in mortality, second only to lung cancer in numbers of cancer deaths. An almost equal number of men and women are diagnosed each year. Screening tests can prevent colorectal cancer... or detect it in its earliest, most curable stages
There are ways to prevent colorectal cancer Ч screening tests are the most effective. Most cases of the disease begin as non-cancerous polyps Ч grape-like growths on the lining of the colon and rectum. These polyps can become cancerous.
Removing these polyps can prevent colorectal cancer from ever developing. Approximately 90 percent of colorectal cancers and deaths are thought to be preventable.
Because there are often no symptoms related to polyps, it is important to be routinely screened.
Colorectal cancer screening tests save lives even when they detect polyps that have become cancerous by catching colorectal cancer in its earliest, most curable stages. When discovered early, the disease can be cured in most cases.
Along with regular colorectal cancer screenings, regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight can reduce your risk of being diagnosed with colorectal cancer. While recent research has presented conflicting evidence about fruits and vegetables and the prevention of colorectal cancer, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables provides overall health benefits and can help prevent other cancers. On-going research will help answer questions about the extent to which dietary changes can protect against colorectal cancer.
The risk of developing colorectal cancer increases with age. Starting at age 50, men and women who are at average risk for the disease should get screened. Some people are at a higher risk for developing colorectal cancer and may need to be tested earlier. Because of disproportionate screening, minorities, particularly African-Americans and Hispanics, are more likely to be diagnosed with colorectal cancer in advanced stages. As a result, death rates are higher for these populations than they are for white Americans. Recent research has shown that African Americans are more frequently diagnosed at a younger age, and experts now suggest that African Americans begin screening at age 45.
All men and women should talk with their health care professional about colorectal cancer and colorectal cancer screening tests. It is also very important to know your family medical history, because colorectal cancer can be hereditary.
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